Introduction
Shimadzu FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) spectroscopy is a popular analytical method for determining and measuring a sample's molecular components. It has a high resolution and sensitivity, making it a useful instrument for a variety of applications in chemistry, biology, and material science. It is critical to undertake an operational qualification (OQ) of the instrument to ensure the reliability and accuracy of FTIR readings. In this manual, we will present a full explanation of the Shimadzu FTIR OQ method, including all of the factors involved.
OQ (Operational Qualification)
The process of operational qualification ensures that the instrument is working within its specified specifications and performance parameters. OQ is an important part of instrument validation since it ensures that the instrument is suited for its intended purpose. The OQ procedure entails putting the instrument through its paces against preset criteria and comparing the results to predetermined performance parameters.
Parameters for Operational Qualification of Shimadzu FTIR:
The OQ process for Shimadzu FTIR involves testing the instrument against a range of performance parameters, including:
1. Wavenumber Accuracy:
Wavenumber accuracy is a measure of how closely the instrument can measure the wavenumber of a known standard. The wavenumber is the inverse of the wavelength and is expressed in units of cm-1. To test wavenumber accuracy, a standard reference material with a known wavenumber is analyzed, and the measured wavenumber is compared to the known value. The acceptable range for wavenumber accuracy is typically ±0.1 cm-1.
2. Wavenumber Precision:
Wavenumber precision is a measure of the instrument's ability to measure the wavenumber of a sample repeatedly with a high degree of precision. To test wavenumber precision, a sample is analyzed multiple times, and the variation in wavenumber is measured. The acceptable range for wavenumber precision is typically ±0.01 cm-1.
3. Resolution:
Resolution is a measure of the instrument's ability to distinguish between two closely spaced peaks. It is defined as the minimum difference in wavenumber between two peaks that can be resolved by the instrument. To test resolution, a sample with two closely spaced peaks is analyzed, and the separation between the peaks is measured. The acceptable range for resolution is typically <0.1 cm-1.
4. Signal-to-Noise Ratio:
Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is a measure of the instrument's ability to distinguish between signal and noise. It is defined as the ratio of the peak height of a signal to the noise level. To test SNR, a sample with a known signal-to-noise ratio is analyzed, and the measured ratio is compared to the known value. The acceptable range for SNR is typically >60:1.
5. Baseline Stability:
Baseline stability is a measure of the instrument's ability to maintain a stable baseline over time. To test baseline stability, a sample is analyzed over a period of time, and the variation in the baseline is measured. The acceptable range for baseline stability is typically <0.005 Abs.
6. Photometric Accuracy:
Photometric accuracy is a measure of the instrument's ability to measure the absorbance of a sample accurately. To test photometric accuracy, a standard reference material with a known absorbance is analyzed, and the measured absorbance is compared to the known value. The acceptable range for photometric accuracy is typically ±0.003 Abs.
7. Photometric Precision:
Photometric precision is a measure of the instrument's ability to measure the absorbance of a sample repeatedly with a high degree of precision. To test photometric precision, a sample is analyzed multiple times, and the variation in absorbance is measured. The acceptable range for photometric precision is typically <0.002 Abs.
8. Stray Light:
Stray light is the light that passes through the sample without being absorbed or scattered. It can interfere with the accuracy of the measurement, particularly at low absorbances. To test stray light, a sample with a low absorbance is analyzed, and the amount of stray light is measured. The acceptable range for stray light is typically <0.05%T.
9. Instrument Linearity:
Instrument linearity is a measure of the instrument's ability to produce a linear response to a range of concentrations. To test instrument linearity, a series of samples with increasing concentrations are analyzed, and the absorbance is measured. The data is then plotted, and the linearity of the response is evaluated. The acceptable range for instrument linearity is typically >0.999.
10. Instrument Sensitivity:
Instrument sensitivity is a measure of the minimum amount of sample required for a reliable measurement. To test instrument sensitivity, a sample with a low concentration is analyzed, and the minimum detectable concentration is measured. The acceptable range for instrument sensitivity is typically <0.1 mg/ml.
11. Instrument Stability:
Instrument stability is a measure of the instrument's ability to maintain a stable performance over time. To test instrument stability, the instrument is operated continuously for a period of time, and the performance parameters are measured at regular intervals. The acceptable range for instrument stability is typically <5% variation over a 24-hour period.
12. Validation of Software:
The software used to control the Shimadzu FTIR instrument must be validated to ensure that it performs as intended. This involves testing the software against predefined criteria and comparing the results to established performance specifications.
Conclusion
Shimadzu FTIR operational certification is a vital step that assures the reliability and precision of FTIR readings. The OQ process involves testing the instrument against a variety of performance parameters, such as wavenumber accuracy, precision, resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, baseline stability, photometric accuracy, precision, stray light, instrument linearity, instrument sensitivity, instrument stability, and software validation. Users may be certain that their Shimadzu FTIR is working within its specified specifications and performance parameters, and that the data produced are trustworthy and correct, by performing OQ.
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